Polarity and analogy : two types of argumentation in early Greek thought / G. E. R. Lloyd.

Part one: polarity -- 1. Theories based on opposites in early Greek thought -- 2. The analysis of different modes of opposition -- Part two: Analogy -- 3.The pre-philosophical background -- 4. Metaphor and imagery in Greek cosmological theories -- 5. The role of comparisons in particular accounts -- 6. The analysis of argument from analogy -- Part three: conclusion -- 7. The development of logic and methodology in early Greek thought.

“The book’s major parts, one on polarity and the other on analogy, introduce the reader to the patterns of thinking that are fundamental not only to Greek philosophy but also to classical civilization as a whole. As a leading classicist in his own right, Lloyd is an impeccable guide. His sophistication in adducing anthropological parallels to Greek models of polarity and analogy broadens his perspective, making him a forerunner in the study of what we are now used to calling semiotics. A striking example of Lloyd’s approach is his re-examination of the dichotomy of Olympian and chthonian gods in ancient Greek world view, which surpasses the reductionist and pseudo-historical models of sky-gods and earth-goddesses that are still commonly invoked to account for polarities in Greek pantheon.
“In the second part, dealing with analogy, three crucial metaphorical models for the universe turn out to be basis for a dazzlingly wide variety of scientific and philosophical perspectives. Each model is tested in the whole spectrum of Greek artistic, philosophical and scientific thought. This work is a treasure-house of insights for experts and non experts alike.”
—Gregory Nagy, Harvard University